Resources
Breastfeeding
“Act Now!” Campaign
in
Zambia
Authoring organization(s): LINKAGES— Zambia
Published: 2004–2005
Summary: These brochures, created as part of the LINKAGES “Act Now” Campaign in Zambia, offer standardized messages on infant feeding and HIV for a variety of audiences, including mothers, youth, and health workers. Topics include prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, HIV testing and counseling, and optimal infant and young child feeding behaviors.
Booklet:
- All in One: Antenatal, Postnatal, and Child Health
- PMTCT of HIV: A Behavior Change Communication Guide for Health Workers
- Protect Your Baby from HIV
Brochure:
- Counseling and HIV Testing
- Exclusive Breastfeeding is Best
- Leaders in the Frontline Against HIV/AIDS
- Young and Planning For Your Future
Poster:
Topic(s): Behavior change communication, breastfeeding, infant feeding and HIV, maternal nutrition
Type(s): Booklet, brochure, poster
Region: Sub-Saharan Africa
Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative: Revised and Updated Expansion and Integration
Authoring organization(s): World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund
Published: 2006
Summary: Part I of this document gives background information on the prevalence and causes of anemia by region, and discusses program approaches and good practices through several case studies of successful programs and other examples. Part II provides tools and resources for anemia control programs. This links to the preliminary version for country implementation.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding
Type(s): Booklet
Region: Global
Challenging Assumptions: Breastfeeding and HIV/AIDS
Authoring organization(s): Program for Appropriate Technology in Health
Published: 2008
Summary: This policy brief discusses the benefits of breastfeeding in light of the risk of perinatal HIV transmission.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, infant feeding and HIV
Type(s): Newsletter
Region: Global
Facts for Feeding
Authoring organization(s): LINKAGES
Published: 2001–2006
Summary: These seven short leaflets provide general information on topics relevant to infant and young child nutrition for parents and health workers.
English:
- Birth, Initiation of Breastfeeding, and the First Seven Days after Birth
- Breastmilk: A Critical Source of Vitamin A for Infants and Young Children
- Feeding Infants and Young Children During and After Illness
- Feeding Low Birthweight Babies
- Guidelines for Appropriate Complementary Feeding of Breastfed Children 6-24 Months of Age
- Meeting the Iron Requirements of Infants and Young Children
- Recommended Practices to Improve Infant Nutrition during the First Six Months
French:
- Birth, Initiation of Breastfeeding, and the First Seven Days after Birth
- Breastmilk: A Critical Source of Vitamin A for Infants and Young Children
- Guidelines for Appropriate Complementary Feeding of Breastfed Children 6-24 Months of Age
- Recommended Practices to Improve Infant Nutrition during the First Six Months
Spanish:
- Birth, Initiation of Breastfeeding, and the First Seven Days after Birth
- Breastmilk: A Critical Source of Vitamin A for Infants and Young Children
- Guidelines for Appropriate Complementary Feeding of Breastfed Children 6-24 Months of Age
- Recommended Practices to Improve Infant Nutrition during the First Six Months
Portuguese:
- Birth, Initiation of Breastfeeding, and the First Seven Days after Birth
- Breastmilk: A Critical Source of Vitamin A for Infants and Young Children
- Guidelines for Appropriate Complementary Feeding of Breastfed Children 6-24 Months of Age
- Meeting the Iron Requirements of Infants and Young Children
- Recommended Practices to Improve Infant Nutrition during the First Six Months
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, general nutrition, non-English
Type(s): Leaflet
Region: Global
Guiding Principles for the Complementary Feeding of the Breastfed Child
Author(s): Dewey K
Authoring organization(s): Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization
Published: 2002
Summary: This document distills information from discussions at several technical meetings and technical documents on complementary feeding. It covers the duration of breastfeeding and the age complementary foods should be introduced; continued breastfeeding during the 6–24 month period; responsive feeding; feeding during and after illness; the safe preparation and storage of complementary foods; the use of micronutrient supplements; and the amounts, types, frequency, and consistency of complementary foods.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, complementary feeding, general nutrition
Type(s): Technical report
Region: Global
Guiding Principles for Feeding Infants and Young Children During Emergencies
Authoring organization(s): World Health Organization
Published: 2004
Summary: The guiding principles have been prepared to help prevent increased morbidity and mortality among infants and young children affected by an emergency. They serve as a basis for action and are intended to clarify that optimal practices for feeding infants and young children during emergencies are essentially the same as those that apply in other, more stable conditions. The document seeks to inform decision makers about key interventions and sustaining optimal infant and young child feeding during emergencies.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, complementary feeding, general nutrition
Type(s): Technical report
Region: Global
HIV and Infant Feeding Technical Consultation: Consensus Statement
Authoring organization(s): Inter-Agency Task Team on Prevention of HIV Infections in Pregnant Women, Mothers, and Their Infants, World Health Organization
Published: 2006
Summary: This consensus statement is the product of the World Health Organization HIV and Infant Feeding Technical Consultation held on behalf of the Inter-Agency Task Team on Prevention of HIV Infections in Pregnant Women, Mothers, and Their Infants in Geneva, Switzerland, October 25–27, 2006. It outlines new evidence and research on HIV transmission through breastfeeding, new evidence on morbidity and mortality, improving young child infant feeding practices, new program data, and recommendations. Also included below are the reference documents that informed the consensus statement.
English:
French:
Reference documents:
- New Data on the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Their Policy Implications (2001) [Please click through the security screen to access this resource.]
- The Glion Call to Action on Family Planning and HIV/AIDS in Women and Children (2004)
- Call to Action: Towards an HIV-Free and AIDS-Free Generation (2005)
- Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating Pregnant Women and Preventing HIV Infection in Infants (2004)
- World Health Organization Child and Adolescent Health and Development website
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, infant feeding and HIV, non-English
Type(s): Policy document
Region: Global
Inclusion of Fathers in an Intervention to Promote Breastfeeding: Impact on Breastfeeding Practices
Author(s): Susin LR, Giugliani ER
Published: 2008
Summary: This article, published in the Journal of Human Lactation, revealed results of a controlled clinical trial in Brazil on the impact of a hospital-based breastfeeding education program for fathers.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding
Type(s): Journal article
Region: Latin America
Infant and Young Child Feeding
Counselling: An Integrated Course
Author(s): Saadeh R, Bland R, Casanovas C, Vallenas C, et al.
Authoring organization(s): World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund
Published: 2006
Summary: This course on infant feeding practices covers breastfeeding, HIV and infant feeding, and complementary feeding. It is an integrated version of three existing World Health Organization courses, designed for all health professionals, including lay workers, and for people with limited time for training.
- Infant and Young Child Feeding Counselling: An Integrated Course—Director’s Guide
- Infant and Young Child Feeding Counselling: An Integrated Course—Guidelines for Follow-Up After Training
- Infant and Young Child Feeding Counselling: An Integrated Course—Participant’s Manual
- Infant and Young Child Feeding Counselling: An Integrated Course—Trainer’s Guide
- Infant and Young Child Feeding Counselling: An Integrated Course—Slides
Topic(s): Behavior change communication, breastfeeding, infant feeding and HIV, monitoring and evaluation
Type(s): Training guide, PowerPoint
Region: GlobalInfant and Young Child Feeding Update
Author(s): Mukuria A, Kothari MT, Abderrahim N
Authoring organization(s): Macro International for the US Agency for International Development
Published: 2006
Summary: This update provides data on key indicators related to optimal feeding practices for children under five. The update includes a new summary of infant and young child feeding indicators for children 6 to 23 months and reports on Demographic and Health Survey data collected between 1998 and 2004 from 43 countries in five regions around the world: sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/West Asia/Europe, Central Asia, South/Southeast Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, general nutrition, monitoring and evaluation
Type(s): Technical report
Region: Global
Infant Feeding
Counseling Materials
Authoring organization(s): Program for Appropriate Technology in Health
Published: 2006, 2008
Summary: These materials include clinical algorithms geared for health workers (not lay counselors) to use to counsel mothers and determine the most appropriate time to stop breastfeeding; an adaptation and finalization of the World Health Organization (WHO) Infant and Young Child Feeding Counseling: An Integrated Course, including new chapters on complementary feeding and country-specific recommendations; adaptations and local drawings/graphics inspired by the WHO counseling cards; and take-home brochures for mothers on exclusive breastfeeding, expressing breastmilk, and replacement feeding. The set also introduces a new follow-up form to be used at monthly postpartum visits for all infants of HIV-positive mothers.
English:
- Clinical Algorithm: Helping HIV-Positive Mothers Decide When to Stop Breastfeeding—Infant Age: 6–12 Months
- Clinical Algorithm: Helping HIV-Positive Mothers Decide When to Stop Breastfeeding—Infant Age: 12 Months and Older
- Key Objectives of Infant Feeding Counseling and Support in PMTCT Programs
- Please contact info@iycn.org to request a copy of the adapted and finalized World Health Organization (WHO) Infant and Young Child Feeding Counseling: An Integrated Course.
French:
- Clinical Algorithm: Helping HIV-Positive Mothers Decide When to Stop Breastfeeding—Infant Age: 6–12 Months
- Clinical Algorithm: Helping HIV-Positive Mothers Decide When to Stop Breastfeeding—Infant Age: 12 Months and Older
- Exclusive Breastfeeding Brochure
- How to Express Breast Milk Brochure
- Replacement Feeding Brochure
- Key Objectives of Infant Feeding Counseling and Support in PMTCT Programs
- Please contact info@iycn.org to request a copy of the adapted and finalized World Health Organization (WHO) Infant and Young Child Feeding Counseling: An Integrated Course.
Topic(s): Behavior change communication, breastfeeding, infant feeding and HIV, monitoring and evaluation, non-English
Type(s): Brochure, job aid, technical report, training guide
Region: Global
International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes
Authoring organization(s): World Health Organization
Published: 1981
Summary: This is the original International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes adopted by the World Health Organization in 1981.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding
Type(s): Policy document
Region: GlobalKenya Infant Feeding Assessment: Eastern and Western Provinces
Author(s): Israel-Ballard K, Waithaka M, Greiner T
Authoring organization(s): IYCN, PATH
Published: 2009
Summary: This study was conducted in the Eastern and Western Provinces in Kenya in 2008 to assess the experiences of HIV-infected mothers’ and their infants’ during the time they were stopping breastfeeding.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, infant feeding and HIV
Type(s): Technical report
Region: Global
The Lancet Series on Child Survival
Author(s): Various
Authoring organization(s): The Lancet
Published: 2003
Summary: This document includes an editorial, two commentaries, and five articles focused on child survival: the prevalence of the problem, where the problem exists and what causes the problem, how we can prevent child deaths through cost-effective interventions, how to address equity gaps, and how to set priorities for programs.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, general nutrition
Type(s): Journal article
Region: Global
The Lancet Series on Maternal and Child Undernutrition
Author(s): Various
Authoring organization(s): The Lancet
Published: 2008
Summary: This document includes an executive summary and five articles aimed to increase awareness around maternal and child undernutrition and serve as a catalyst for national-level governments, nongovernmental organizations, and the international nutrition community to spur action and stimulate national interest, leadership, and commitment.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, general nutrition
Type(s): Journal article
Region: Global
Learning from Large-Scale Community-Based Programmes to Improve Breastfeeding Practices
Authoring organization(s): World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Academy for Educational Development, Africa’s Health in 2010
Published: 2008
Summary: Community-based breastfeeding promotion and support is one of the key components of a comprehensive program to improve breastfeeding practices, as outlined in the WHO/UNICEF Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding. This report shares experiences and lessons from community-based approaches so that others can use the information to strengthen existing programs and design new ones. The paper will be of particular value to individuals who are interested in studying and applying different models and the results and lessons emerging from them and assessing their applicability in a new setting.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding
Type(s): Technical report
Region: Global
Kenya Infant Feeding Brochures
Authoring organization(s): US Agency for International Development, PATH, Infant and Young Child Nutrition Project
Published: 2009
Summary: These two brochures (originally developed by the Government of Kenya, UNICEF, and PATH) are being disseminated to mothers and families through IYCN and APHIA II Western facility and community-based activities. One brochure focuses on infant feeding during the first six months of life and the other focuses on infant feeding after 6 months.
Swahili:
- Mlishe Mtoto Wako Vyema Baada Ya Miezi Sita
- Mnyonyeshe Mtoto Wako Vyema Kutoka Kuzaliwa Hadi Miezi Sita
Topic(s): Complementary feeding, breastfeeding, non-English
Type(s): Brochures
Region: Sub-Saharan Africa
Micronutrient Update
Author(s): Mukuria A, Kothari M
Authoring organization(s): Macro International for the US Agency for International Development
Published: 2007
Summary: This Micronutrient Update, which continues where the May 2002 Micronutrient Update left off, presents information on women and children from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2000 and 2005.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, general nutrition, monitoring and evaluation
Type(s): Journal article
Region: Global
Nutrition Essentials: A Guide for Program Managers
Author(s): Sanghvi T
Authoring organization(s): Basic Support for Institutionalizing Child Survival
Published: 1999
Summary: This is a reference manual for major nutrition interventions to improve maternal and infant and young child nutrition. The document provides background information on the role of nutrition in child survival, priority nutrition interventions, how to strengthen and integrate nutrition in district health services, how to work in the community and suggested community activities, and tools and instruments to support nutrition interventions.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, complementary feeding, general nutrition, monitoring and evaluation
Type(s): Reference manual
Region: Global
Nutrition Toolkit
Authoring organization(s): The World Bank
Summary: This toolkit includes nine booklets on different nutrition topics, including nutrition project design, basic facts (nuts and bolts in nutrition), economic analysis, growth promotion (child), food supplements, food stamps, monitoring and evaluation, nutrition communications, and school nutrition.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, complementary feeding, general nutrition, monitoring and evaluation
Type(s): Booklet
Region: Global
Role of Breastfeeding Cessation in Mediating the Relationship between Maternal HIV Disease Stage and Increased Child Mortality among HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children
Author(s): Fox MP, Brooks DR, et al.
Published: 2009
Summary: This study, published in the International Journal of Epidemiology, analyzed the role of breastfeeding cessation and its effect on mortality of HIV-exposed children.
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, HIV and infant feeding
Type(s): Journal article
Region: Global
ZVITAMBO Infant
Feeding Materials
Authoring organization(s): ZVITAMBO, Ministry of Health Zimbabwe
Summary: These posters from ZVITAMBO contain key, consistent messages that are geared towards mothers, health workers, and other family and community members. The posters are supplemented by simple brochures.
- Start Breastfeeding in the First Hour of Life
- Expressing and Heat Treating Breast Milk
- Make Breastfeeding Safer
- Breastfeed Often
- Breast Milk Only Birth to 6 Months: Nothing But Breast Milk
- Breast Milk Only: Birth to 6 Months
- How to Practice Exclusive Breastfeeding (Cover)
- How to Practice Exclusive Breastfeeding (Inside)
- How To Express and Heat Treat Breast Milk
Topic(s): Breastfeeding, infant feeding and HIV
Type(s): Brochure, poster
Region: Sub-Saharan Africa
Photo: Aurelio Ayala III
The US Agency for International Development (USAID) funded this website under the terms of Cooperative Agreement No. GPO-A-00-06-00008-00. The information provided on this website is not official US Government information and does not represent the views or positions of USAID or the US Government. 
